Infertility affects millions of couples worldwide, and understanding its cause is the first step toward effective treatment. While some couples may conceive naturally, others struggle despite regular attempts. Infertility can arise from male factors, female factors, or a combination of both. Infertility specialist in Lahore are trained to systematically investigate these issues to provide accurate diagnoses and personalized treatment plans.
Initial Consultation and Medical History
The diagnosis process begins with a detailed consultation. The specialist will ask about your medical history, menstrual cycles, sexual health, lifestyle habits, past surgeries, and family history of reproductive issues. For men, questions may focus on past illnesses, testicular problems, or exposure to toxins. This step helps identify potential risk factors and guides further investigations.
Physical Examination
A thorough physical examination is essential for both partners. For women, this may include a pelvic exam to check the uterus, ovaries, and reproductive tract. For men, a genital exam can detect structural or developmental issues affecting fertility. Physical exams often reveal clues that point to underlying conditions requiring further testing.
Hormonal and Blood Tests
Hormonal balance plays a critical role in fertility. Blood tests can assess levels of key reproductive hormones, including:
- FSH (Follicle-Stimulating Hormone) – important for egg development
- LH (Luteinizing Hormone) – triggers ovulation
- Estradiol and Progesterone – support egg maturation and implantation
- Testosterone and other male hormones – impact sperm production
Abnormal hormone levels can indicate issues such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), thyroid disorders, or low sperm production.
Semen Analysis for Men
Semen analysis is a primary test for assessing male infertility treatment in Pakistan. It evaluates sperm count, motility, morphology, and overall quality. If abnormalities are detected, further tests may be recommended to identify the underlying cause, such as genetic factors, hormonal imbalances, or obstruction in the reproductive tract.
Imaging and Ultrasound Tests
Imaging helps evaluate the reproductive organs. For women, transvaginal ultrasound can assess ovarian follicles, uterine structure, and endometrial thickness. Hysterosalpingography (HSG) or sonohysterography can check for blocked fallopian tubes or uterine abnormalities. Men may undergo scrotal ultrasound to detect varicoceles or other structural issues affecting sperm production.
Specialized Tests and Procedures
In some cases, infertility specialists may recommend advanced diagnostic procedures:
- Hysteroscopy – to inspect the uterine cavity for polyps, fibroids, or adhesions
- Laparoscopy – to detect conditions like endometriosis or pelvic adhesions
- Genetic Testing – to identify chromosomal or hereditary factors affecting fertility
These tests help pinpoint the exact cause of infertility, allowing for tailored treatment approaches.
Lifestyle and Environmental Assessment
Specialists also evaluate lifestyle and environmental factors that can affect fertility. Smoking, alcohol, obesity, stress, and exposure to toxins can influence both male and female reproductive health. Addressing these factors is often an important part of improving fertility outcomes.
Conclusion:
Diagnosing the cause of infertility requires a comprehensive and systematic approach. Infertility specialists combine medical history, physical exams, laboratory tests, imaging, and specialized procedures to uncover the underlying issues. By identifying the root cause, they can create personalized treatment plans that increase the chances of conception, offering hope and guidance to couples on their journey to parenthood.
